"Scientists discover the world that exists; engineers create the world that never was." – Theodore von Kármán
Engineering isn't just one job—it's an entire universe of careers. From designing skyscrapers to programming AI, engineers shape the modern world. But what do they actually do? And which type of engineering is right for you?
This guide breaks down the most common engineering fields, what they involve, and how to choose the best fit for your skills and interests.
Mechanical Engineering Jobs and Responsibilities
The backbone of modern innovation.
Mechanical engineers work with machines, systems, and devices. Their work spans across industries, from automotive and aerospace to healthcare and robotics.
What Do Mechanical Engineers Do?
- Design, test, and improve mechanical systems
- Work with engines, turbines, and manufacturing equipment
- Develop automation and robotics solutions
- Innovate in materials and 3D printing technology
Average Salary: $85,000 – $140,000
Best For: Problem solvers who love physics, design, and working with physical systems.
Electrical Engineering Jobs and Responsibilities
Powering the world, one circuit at a time.
Electrical engineers work with power systems, electronics, and communication technologies. They design everything from renewable energy grids to microchips inside your phone.
What Do Electrical Engineers Do?
- Develop electrical circuits and power systems
- Design semiconductors, control systems, and electronics
- Work in energy, telecommunications, or aerospace
- Build and improve smart grid and renewable energy solutions
Average Salary: $90,000 – $150,000
Best For: Those fascinated by electricity, circuits, and problem-solving in high-tech industries.
Software Engineering Jobs and Responsibilities
The architects of the digital world.
Software engineers design, develop, and maintain computer programs, apps, and AI systems. They work across tech, finance, healthcare, and even entertainment.
What Do Software Engineers Do?
- Develop mobile apps, websites, and enterprise software
- Work with AI, machine learning, and cybersecurity
- Build cloud computing solutions and blockchain applications
- Maintain and scale complex IT systems
Average Salary: $110,000 – $180,000+
Best For: Analytical thinkers who love coding, problem-solving, and working on cutting-edge technology.
Civil Engineering Jobs and Responsibilities
Building the world around us.
Civil engineers design and oversee infrastructure projects like bridges, highways, and skyscrapers. Their work ensures cities function smoothly and safely.
What Do Civil Engineers Do?
- Design and oversee construction of roads, bridges, and airports
- Develop water supply and sewage systems
- Work on urban planning and smart city initiatives
- Ensure structures meet safety and environmental standards
Average Salary: $80,000 – $130,000
Best For: People who enjoy architecture, problem-solving, and working on real-world infrastructure.
Aerospace Engineering Jobs and Responsibilities
The future of flight and space exploration.
Aerospace engineers design aircraft, spacecraft, satellites, and defense systems. They work at the cutting edge of technology, making space travel and aviation safer and more efficient.
What Do Aerospace Engineers Do?
- Design aircraft, rockets, and drones
- Develop propulsion systems and aerodynamics models
- Improve safety in aviation and space exploration
- Work with NASA, SpaceX, Boeing, and defense contractors
Average Salary: $100,000 – $160,000
Best For: Those who love physics, space, and high-tech innovations.
Engineering Jobs That Don’t Fit the Traditional Mold
Not all engineers stick to classic disciplines. Some alternative engineering fields include:
- Biomedical Engineering – Designing medical devices and prosthetics
- Environmental Engineering – Solving sustainability and pollution challenges
- Robotics Engineering – Building intelligent machines and automation systems
- AI & Data Engineering – Developing artificial intelligence and big data solutions
What Other Jobs Can You Do with an Engineering Degree?
Engineering degrees open doors to non-traditional roles, including:
Project Management – Leading engineering teams and large-scale projects
Consulting – Advising companies on technical and business strategies
Finance & Investing – Many engineers transition into Wall Street and data-driven investment roles
Entrepreneurship – Many engineers launch their own startups and innovative companies
How to Choose the Right Engineering Field for You
With so many options, how do you pick the best fit? Ask yourself:
Do you prefer hands-on work or software-based problem-solving?
Are you interested in building physical products or digital tools?
Do you want to work in a high-tech industry or traditional infrastructure?
💡 Pro Tip: If you’re unsure, start with mechanical or electrical engineering they offer broad career paths that transition into other industries.
Is Engineering the Right Career for You?
Engineering isn’t just a job, it’s a problem-solving mindset that applies across industries. Whether you’re designing the next self-driving car or building a sustainable city, the opportunities are endless.
Ready to launch your engineering career? Pick a path, gain hands-on experience, and start building the future today!